Learn more about the Arabic root system
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to ArabicPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 25 - A Peaceful Resolution in Egypt. Becky Here. |
| Nora: السلام عليكم. I'm Nora. |
| Becky: In this final lesson of the series, you’ll learn Verb root systems 7 and 8. This conversation takes place at home, after Nadia’s Father receives a letter from Nadia. |
| Nora: It's between Nadia's Mother and Father. |
| Becky: The speakers are family, so they will be using informal Egyptian Arabic. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| الأب : وصلتلي رسالة النهاردة من نادية . انا بحب أوى اسلوب الرسايل بتاع زمان دة ! |
| الأم : كاتبالك اية ؟ |
| الأب : شرحتلى انها مش عايزة تحبطنى بإنها بتدرس موسيقى و بعتتلى تسجيل لأغنية كتبتها عشانى . كانت أحلى أغنية سمعتها فى حياتى ! |
| الأم : البنت دى موهوبة جدا. و ذكية كمان . |
| الأب : كانت منقطعة عن الموسيقى بقالها كتير جدا . انا سعيد انها فى النهاية اختارت انها تدرس حاجة هى بتحبها . |
| الأم : ممكن تكون موهوبة لدرجة انها تكسب فلوس بالموسيقى . ممكن تبقى اغنى من اى دكتور . |
| الأب : ماظنش بس هاتبقى ناجحة و سعيدة ان شاء الله . |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| الأب : وصلتلي رسالة النهاردة من نادية . انا بحب أوى اسلوب الرسايل بتاع زمان دة ! |
| الأم : كاتبالك اية ؟ |
| الأب : شرحتلى انها مش عايزة تحبطنى بإنها بتدرس موسيقى و بعتتلى تسجيل لأغنية كتبتها عشانى . كانت أحلى أغنية سمعتها فى حياتى ! |
| الأم : البنت دى موهوبة جدا. و ذكية كمان . |
| الأب : كانت منقطعة عن الموسيقى بقالها كتير جدا . انا سعيد انها فى النهاية اختارت انها تدرس حاجة هى بتحبها . |
| الأم : ممكن تكون موهوبة لدرجة انها تكسب فلوس بالموسيقى . ممكن تبقى اغنى من اى دكتور . |
| الأب : ماظنش بس هاتبقى ناجحة و سعيدة ان شاء الله . |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Father: I received a letter today from Nadia. I love corresponding the old-fashioned way! |
| Mother: What did she write to you about? |
| Father: She explained that she did not want to disappoint me by studying music and she sent a recording of a song that she wrote for me. It was the most beautiful song I have ever heard! |
| Mother: She is a very talented girl. And smart, too. |
| Father: She has been cut off from music for too long. I am happy she finally chose to study what she loves. |
| Mother: Maybe she is so talented that she will even make money with her music. Maybe she will be wealthier than any doctor. |
| Father: Unlikely, but inshallah she will be successful and happy. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Nora, can you tell us something about women’s professional lives in Egypt? |
| Nora: As we have already mentioned in a previous lesson, women didn’t have many rights until the beginning of last century, as was the case for many countries. |
| Becky: So how has it changed? |
| Nora: The combined efforts of intellectuals and feminist movements, as well as social and political developments in the past century, have led to fundamental changes in many Arab countries. |
| Becky: Is there still some gender-based discrimination, for example when it comes to getting jobs? |
| Nora: In Egypt, women work in all fields and contribute to the country just as much as men do. I’m happy to say that in Egypt, gender inequality at work is an issue of the past. |
| Becky: Really? |
| Nora: Yes, but you could say that there are some distinctions made within family units. For example, some conservative families don’t want female family members working in show business or in the music industry. Instead, women are expected to work in more serious fields, like medicine, translation, politics, or engineering. |
| Becky: As we saw in the dialogue. |
| Nora: Exactly. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Nora: اسلوب [natural native speed] |
| Becky: style, way |
| Nora: اسلوب[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: اسلوب [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: بعتتلي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: she sent me |
| Nora: بعتتلي[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: بعتتلي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: شرحتلي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: she explained to me |
| Nora: شرحتلي[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: شرحتلي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: تحبطني [natural native speed] |
| Becky: she disappoints me (transitive) |
| Nora: تحبطني[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: تحبطني [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: زمان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: back in the day |
| Nora: زمان[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: زمان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: أغنية [natural native speed] |
| Becky: song |
| Nora: أغنية[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: أغنية [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: موهوبة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: talented |
| Nora: موهوبة[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: موهوبة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: ماظنش [natural native speed] |
| Becky: I don't think so. |
| Nora: ماظنش[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: ماظنش [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: تكسب فلوس [natural native speed] |
| Becky: you make money |
| Nora: تكسب فلوس[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: تكسب فلوس [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Last we have.. |
| Nora: هاتبقى [natural native speed] |
| Becky: she'll become |
| Nora: هاتبقى[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: هاتبقى [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Nora: ماظنش |
| Becky: meaning "I don't think so." |
| Nora: This word is actually a full sentence, all in one word! ma implies negation, azon means "I think", and the sh in the end is a continuation of the negation. |
| Becky: Although there is no object in this sentence, it is implied from the context that the object was mentioned in the previous sentence in the conversation. Nora, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Nora: Sure. For example, you can say.. ماظنش إن في محاضرة بكرة. |
| Becky: ..which means "I don't think there is class tomorrow." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Nora: تكسب فلوس |
| Becky: meaning "make money". This expression literally means "win money", but you use it when you talk about the money you make from work. |
| Nora: Teksab means "to win", and fluus is the Egyptian Arabic slang for "money". |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Nora: Sure. For example, you can say.. عايز تكسب فلوس أكتر؟ |
| Becky: .. which means "Do you want to make more money?" Okay, what's the next word? |
| Nora: هاتبقى |
| Becky: meaning "she will become" |
| Nora: The root of this verb is بقى which literally means "to stay" in Standard Arabic. |
| Becky: But this obviously isn't how it's used in the dialogue. In Egyptian Arabic, this same word has a different meaning, which is "to become". |
| Nora: This verb is usually used along with the words "successful” ناجح or "a failure” فاشل and other adjectives. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Nora: Sure. For example, you can say.. هتبقى جعان بالليل لو ماتغديتش. |
| Becky: .. which means "You'll become hungry by night if you don't have lunch." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about the Arabic root system. We’ll talk about verb form 7 and passive nouns |
| Nora: In Egyptian Arabic, verb form 7 corresponds to the اتفعل itfaʿal form, while in Standard Arabic, it corresponds to the form اِنْفَعَل infáʿal. |
| Becky: The meaning this form imparts is reflexive or passive, but mostly passive. It’s also used very frequently and is very important. |
| Nora: You get form 7 by adding an ات (et) before the root of the verb in case of Egyptian Arabic, and ان (en) for Standard Arabic. For example, the verb كسر kasar, means “to break something” (transitive), while in form 7, for Egyptian Arabic, it is اتكسر etkasar, meaning “to be broken” (passive). |
| Becky: Standard Arabic words are rarely used in Egyptian Arabic speech, but the older generation uses them sometimes, like in the dialogue. |
| Nora: Right, for example in the dialogue, the verb قطع ‘ata’, meaning “to cut”, means different things in Egyptian Arabic(itfa’al) and Standard Arabic (infa’al), which is a very rare case. |
| Becky: Let’s see how. |
| Nora: In the dialogue, we saw the word منقطعة monqate’a meaning “someone(female) who has lost a connection with something”. This word comes from the verb قطع qata’a meaning “to cut”. |
| The first possible form of the 7th form of this verb would be the Standard Arabic form, انقطع inqata’, meaning “to stop”, while the second possible form is the Egyptian Arabic form, اتقطع it’ata’, meaning “to be cut” (passive). |
| Becky: Let’s see them both in a sentence. |
| Nora: The first- انقطعت عن التدريس لفترة. |
| Becky: “I have stopped teaching for some time.” |
| Nora: and an example of the second is الحبل اتقطع! |
| Becky: meaning “The rope was torn!” Listeners, in the lesson notes you can see a complete list of the same verbs for both Egyptian and Standard Arabic. |
| Nora: It’s now possible to make a noun or an adjective out of this form, which in Arabic is مَفعول |
| Becky: the passive adjective form. In a previous lesson, we have talked about how all words in Arabic have root verbs. That’s why we can make a passive adjective by using a certain form rule. |
| Nora: The most basic passive adjective form is the مفعول maf’uul form |
| Becky: In Egyptian Arabic, this form can be a noun or an adjective, depending on its position in the sentence. |
| Nora: We basically add a َم ma in the front, then we add a و U after the second letter of the root verb. |
| Becky: Let’s make some examples |
| Nora: كسر kasar, which means “break” becomes مَكسور maksuur |
| Becky: meaning “broken” |
| Nora: حبّ habb, which means “love” becomes مَحبوب mahbuub |
| Becky: meaning “loved” or “beloved”. Needless to say, you can only make passive adjectives out of transitive verbs. |
| Nora: Also remember that adding a ة at the end of a passive noun makes it feminine, and by adding ين (iin) in the end, it becomes plural. |
| Becky: There are many other forms for passive nouns, but this one is the most common in Egyptian Arabic. Nora, let’s give some examples to sum it up! |
| Nora: متلمسش الإزاز المكسور! |
| Becky: “Don’t touch the broken glass.” |
| Nora: الشَنطَة اِتحَشَرِت في الباب! |
| Becky: "The bag got stuck in the door!" |
| Nora: الكِتاب دَه مَكتوب بِالعَرَبي؟ |
| Becky: "Is this book written in Arabic?" |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson and for this series. Remember to check the lesson notes for more information and examples. And if you have any questions or comments, please leave us a message at ArabicPod101.com |
| Nora: We’re here to help! |
| Becky: In the mean time, thanks for listening, and we’ll see you in another series. Bye! |
| Nora: مع السلامة |
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